As of today, Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) has secured some RMB 7

billion to support energy efficiency, emission reduction, and climate change related

activities.

In the area of energy efficiency and emission reduction, numerous green technologies have

found applications and diffusions in mining and oil-gas drilling activities, which has greatly

enhanced the sustainable development capacity of resources tapping industries.

Demonstrations and applications of clean production technologies in heavy polluters,

including salt mining, leather making, and alcohol brewing, has created a technical ground

for treating major industrial wastewater in a cyclic manner. Solid wastes treatment and

associated comprehensive utilization has also achieved noticeable results, which facilitates

future industrial applications on a large scale. Lake pollution control and bioremediation,

improvement of urban water environment and drinking water safety, and urban sewage

treatment saw laudable progresses in developing the needed technologies, with an

established proprietary innovation framework for water pollution control. The raised

technology development level for atmospheric pollution control has spurred up applications

of novel technologies in the area. A raised market share of domestic made environmental

pollution monitoring equipment and technologies has ensured hardware supply for

pollutants emission reduction in the country. Efforts have also been made to demonstrate

and diffuse diverse novel energy technologies, including coalbed gas and biomass energy,

created a ground for the large scale development and utilization in the future.

To respond to climate change, China has established a number of baseline observation

stations, and collected scientific data on CH4 emissions in the paddy fields. China has a

paleoclimate study that has kept abreast with the similar studies in the advanced

countries, using yellow soil, stalagmites, ice core, lake core, and historical literatures.

Chinese scientists have mapped out temperature variation curves reflecting China's

climate change in the last one hundred years, with proprietary global and regional climate

models. They also looked into the relationship between Asian monsoon activities/variations

and droughts and floods in China, and established future climate change scenarios for

China. To study the impacts of climate change and associated response strategies, Chinese

scientists have come up with an important conclusion indicating that the croplands in China

is a weak sink of carbon. The following are the other findings or results derived from the

efforts: a random daily weather model, a proprietary model for assessing regional impacts

on agriculture, a database for studying the impacts of climate change, a software program

containing major policies and action plans for response to global climate change,

cost-benefit analysis of most vulnerable regions to the sea level rise, and a climate change

risk study methodology of international compatibility. In addition, MOST has financed R&D

efforts in the area of greenhouse gas emission control and reduction, analysis of

socioeconomic impacts of climate change, formulation of alleviation strategies, and

infrastructure capacity building.