On July 5, 2005, the Second GMS Leaders' Meeting was held in Kunming. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, Lao Prime Minister Boungnang Vorachith, Myanmar Prime Minister Soe Win, Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and Vietnamese Prime Minister Phan Van Khai as well as President of the Asian Development Bank Haruhiko Kuroda attended the meeting.

The meeting is themed "enhancing partnership for common prosperity". Wen delivered a speech at the opening ceremony and hosted the formal meeting. The participating leaders conducted in-depth, pragmatic and free discussions and reached broad consensus on the three topics including "achievements and challenges for the sub-regional cooperation", "guidelines on GMS cooperation" and "future actions for sustainable development" and the four sub-topics including "enhancing infrastructure construction", "improving trade and investment environment", "enhancing social development" and "fund-raising and deepening partnerships".

The leaders believed that since the establishment of the GMS mechanism, the various countries in the sub-region have conducted a great deal of cooperation and scored significant achievements in the fields of transportation, energy, telecommunication, environment, human resources development, investment, trade, tourism and agriculture. The infrastructure construction in various countries has been enhanced, trade and investment environment improved, personnel training and institutional building strengthened. On the other hand, the sub-regional cooperation is also facing severe challenges. How to respond to the challenge of globalization and benefit from it, realize development and eradicate poverty is an important task for the GMS nations. In addition, the various countries need to take actions and strengthen cooperation to strictly control the spread of diseases, promote agricultural development, fight against transnational crimes, protect the environment, prevent natural disasters, and effectively safeguard the life and property safety of the people. This also shows that the GMS cooperation boasts great potentials.

The leaders agreed to mobilize various resources and further promote the sub-regional cooperation in line with the principle of "mutual respect, equality and consultation, priority over actual effect, and gradualness". In the future we need to focus on the following areas to realize the development of the sub-region. We need to give priority to enhancing and improving infrastructure, accelerating the negotiation process of the Agreement on the Sub-regional Power Trade Operation as well as the planning and construction of the sub-regional information highway, and speeding up the negotiation and implementation of the annexes and protocols to the GMS Agreement on the Facilitation of Transnational Passenger and Cargo Transportation. We should actively implement the Strategic Action Framework for GMS Trade and Investment Facilitation to create a favorable policy environment for the sub-regional cooperation and try to improve the environment for trade and investment. We must enhance human resources development, promote the development of health, agriculture and tourism, and improve the overall competencies of the people in the GMS nations. We need to stick to the idea of sustainable development and make poverty relief a priority of our work and at the same time properly develop and utilize resources, enhance environmental governance and ecological protection, and implement the Strategic Framework and Action Plan for the GMS Biological Diversity Protection Corridor. The various parties also fully affirmed the key role of the Asian Development Bank in the process of the sub-regional cooperation, calling to enhance the participation of the business community including the private sector, and developing partners in the sub-regional cooperation, further deepening partnership and mobilizing various parties so as to boost the process of the sub-regional cooperation.

The meeting adopted the Kunming Declaration and decided the Third GMS Leader' Meeting will be held in Laos in 2008.

Following the conclusion of the meeting, the participating leaders jointly attended the signing ceremony of the GMS Agreement on the Facilitation of Transnational Passenger and Cargo Transportation and its annexes and protocols as well as other cooperative documents.

Prior to the meeting, the leaders visited the GMS Achievements Exhibition.