On 1-2 June 2004, China and the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) held the second round of dialogue in Beijing. Mr. Liu Jieyi, Director-General of the Department of Arms Control and Disarmament and Ambassador Carlos Sersale Di Cerisano of Argentina, Chairman of the MTCR co-chaired the dialogue. The discussion was focused on issues such as further development of China-MTCR relations, international cooperation in export controls for nonproliferation and the enforcement of export control regulations.

Highly appraising the dialogue, Liu pointed out that the exchanges of views had been significant in enhancing mutual understanding and trust and promoting international cooperation in nonproliferation. Meanwhile, it was beneficial for both sides to learn from each other and to keep on improving their respective export control regimes.

Ambassador Sersale congratulated China on its membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). He believed that the dialogues between China and MTCR had been positive, helpful and constructive. The two sides had established a good relationship of mutual trust through the dialogues. MTCR partners could also draw upon some aspects of China's comprehensive export control system.

MTCR was established in 1987, aimed at preventing proliferation of missiles capable of delivering Weapons of Mass Destruction and their related technologies. MTCR has 33 members.

China and the MTCR held the first round of dialogue in Paris in February 2004.