The traditional friendship and cooperation between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Bulgaria grew steadily in 2010.

The two countries maintained high-level exchanges. On 23 September Premier Wen Jiabao met with Prime Minister Boyko Borissov on the sidelines of the UN High-Level Event on the MDGs and the General Debate of the 65th session of the UN General Assembly in New York. They exchanged views on bilateral relations and international and regional issues of mutual interest. From 14 to 16 September, Wang Yang, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the CPC Provincial Committee of Guangdong visited Bulgaria. He met with President Georgi Parvanov and Prime Minister Boyko Borissov, and attended the China (Guangdong)-Bulgaria Economic and Cultural Cooperation Forum. From 1 to 10 September, Vice President Angel Marin was in China for the 6th Northeast Asia Investment and Trade Expo in Jilin and the 2nd World Investment Forum of UNCTAD in Xiamen. He also visited Shanghai and met with Vice President Xi Jinping while in Xiamen. From 12 to 17 September, Vice Premier and Minister of Finance Simeon Djankov attended the Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2010 in Tianjin and visited Beijing and Shanghai.

On 10 September, China's new ambassador to Bulgaria Guo Yezhou presented his letter of credence to President Georgi Parvanov.

Economic cooperation and trade between the two countries further deepened. From 14 to 16 October, the 14th session of the China-Bulgaria Joint Committee in Economy was held in Sofia. From 7 to 9 December, Alexandar Tsvetkov, Minister of Transport, Information Technology and Communication, attended the 7th World Congress on High Speed Rail in China. The two sides signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation Between the Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Transport, Information Technology and Communication of the Republic of Bulgaria. On 23 November, the first solar photovoltaic power station in Bulgaria built with Chinese investment near Ihtimans officially went into operation. It had a total installed capacity of 2 megawatts and an annual power generation capacity of 2.5 million kilowatts.

On 14 June Minister of Economy, Energy and Tourism, Traycho Traykov, attended and addressed Bulgaria's National Pavilion Day at the Shanghai World Expo.