Relations between the People's Republic of China and the Czech Republic grew further in 2010.

Exchanges at all levels continued between the two countries. On 4 October, Premier Wen Jiabao had friendly talks with Czech President Vaclav Klaus while attending the eighth ASEM in Brussels. From 6 to 15 September, Director General Li Ruiyu of the Department of European Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs hosted the Director General's consultation between the Foreign Ministries of the two countries and had separate meetings with Tomas Dub, the Czech Deputy Foreign Minister and Vitezslav Grepl, Director General for Non-European Countries and Development Cooperation. From 20 to 31 August, Deputy Speaker of the Senate Milan Stech led a delegation to China with members from the Committee on Public Administration, Regional Development and the Environment of the Senate. He met with NPC Vice Chairman Sang Guowei. From 15 to 17 May, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Jan Kohout visited China for the National Day of the Czech Pavilion during the World Expo 2010 Shanghai and met with the representative of the Chinese government, Vice Foreign Minister Zhai Jun.

The two countries appointed new ambassadors. On 11 January, the newly posted Czech Ambassador Libor Secka presented his credentials to President Hu Jintao. On 17 September, the newly posted Chinese Ambassador Yu Qingtai presented his credentials to Czech President Vaclav Klaus.

However, the negative influence on bilateral relations caused by Czech Prime Minister Jan Fisher's meeting with Dalai in 2009 was yet to be eliminated. In 2010 when Liu Xiaobo won the Nobel Peace Price, the Czech Foreign Ministry twice issued statements interfering in China's internal affairs.

Cooperation in business, science, technology, culture, education and between localities further developed. In May, the Czech Cultural Festival was held in Beijing and Yantai successively. In October, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Xu Rigan visited the Czech Republic. In December, the Home Credit Group affiliated to the Czech PPF Group started to provide micro-loans in Tianjin, becoming the first foreign invested consumer finance company in China.