Relations between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Lithuania grew steadily in 2010, featuring fruitful cooperation in various fields.

The two countries maintained high-level exchanges. From 13 to 15 June, He Guoqiang, Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau and Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee, paid an official goodwill visit to Lithuania, during which he met with President Dalia Grybauskaite and held talks with Prime Minister Andrius Kubilius. The two sides had in-depth exchanges of views and reached broad consensus on developing bilateral relations. He Guoqiang also attended and briefly addressed the Chinese-Lithuanian Enterpreneurs' Breakfast Session. From 23 to 27 October,President Dalia Grybauskaite was in China for Lithuania's National Pavilion Day at the Shanghai World Expo and visited Shanghai and Beijing, during which she met with Vice President Xi Jinping.

Exchanges between parliaments and political parties further deepened. From 12 to 18 April, Rolandas Paksas, former Lithuanian president and Chairman of the Order and Justice Party, visited China and met with Zhang Meiying, Vice Chairwoman of the CPPCC. While accompanying He Guoqiang on a visit to Lithuania in June, Wang Jiarui, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, had contacts with Lithuania's largest party in the ruling coalition, the Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats. In September, Chairman of the Committee for Economic Affairs of the CPPCC Zhang Zuoji visited Lithuania and met with Deputy Speaker of the Parliament Ceslovas Jursenas.

The two countries furthered cooperation in a host of areas, including economy, trade, transport, culture and education. Minister of Transport and Communications Eligijus Maiulis visited China in March and October. In May, Minister of Commerce Chen Demin visited Lithuania. In August, Vice Minister of the State General Administration of Sports Duan Shijie visited Lithuania. Lithuania took an active part in the Shanghai World Expo. Over 6 million people visited its pavilion, which had its National Pavilion Day on 25 October. In November, the Confucius Institute at Vilnius University, which was jointly run by Liaoning University and Vilnius University, was officially opened.