In 2010, the traditional friendly cooperative relations between the People's Republic of China and the Sultanate of Oman developed soundly.

The two countries maintained close political exchanges. On 18 November, as Oman marked its 40th birthday, Chinese President Hu Jintao expressed his congratulations to Sultan Qaboos Bin Said. In September, CPPCC Chairman Jia Qinglin paid an official goodwill visit to Oman. He met with Sultan Qaboos Bin Said, Deputy Prime Minister for the Council of Ministers Fahd Bin Mahmoud Al-Said, and Chairman of the State Council Yahya Bin Mahfoudh Al-Manthri. Chairman Jia Qinglin also had talks with Chairman of Majlis Shura Ahmed Bin Mohammed Al-Isa'ee and the two sides signed four documents on cooperation in the economic, trade and cultural fields. In December, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Zhai Jun visited Oman and hosted the fifth round of strategic negotiation between the two foreign ministries with Badr Bin Hamad, Secretary General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Oman. In April, Sayyid Busaidi, Vice Chairman of the Council of Oman (Majlis Oman), visited China and met with NPC Vice Chairman Wang Zhaoguo. In July, Chairman of the State Council of Oman Manthri attended activities of the National Pavilion Day of Oman at the World Expo 2010 Shanghai. Also in July, Yousef Bin Alawi, Minister Responsible for Foreign Affairs of Oman, paid a private visit to China.

After the mudslide in Zhouqu County of China's Gansu Province, Sultan Qaboos Bin Said of Oman expressed his condolences to Chinese President Hu Jintao, and Chairman of the State Council Manthri offered his condolences to NPC Chairman Wu Bangguo.

China-Oman cooperation in energy, project contracting, telecommunications, power plant construction and irrigation facilities developed with a sound momentum.

The two countries also made new progress in cooperation in such areas as education, culture, sports and people-to-people exchanges. The performance by the China Disabled People's Performing Art Troupe in Oman was a great success, while the performance of Oman's folk art troupe at the 2nd Arabic Arts Festival in China helped enhance the friendship between the two peoples. Oman's participation in the Guangzhou Asian Games and Chinese athletes' participation in the 2nd Asian Beach Games in Oman have boosted the exchanges and cooperation between the sports circles of the two countries. During the World Expo 2010 Shanghai, Oman organized theme activities including the culture and tourism week, investment and trade week, and women's week, which attracted over 3 million visitors to Oman's pavilion. The foreign ministries of the two countries also signed a memorandum of understanding on the building of a memorial site for Zheng He in Salalah, Oman. The Oman-China Friendship Association was formally established.

On 25 November, a ceremony was held to mark the completion of the Oman-assisted 350-household residential building and its supporting education and medical care facilities in Guangyuan area of Sichuan Province. This project is a new landmark of China-Oman friendship.

China's navy escort force, with the support from the Omani side, continued to conduct comprehensive replenishment and rehabilitation in Oman's Salalah Port.