The People's Republic of China is one of the first countries to support the Palestine Liberation Organization and the State of Palestine. The traditional friendship between the two countries was further cemented and enhanced in 2010.

The two countries maintained close political exchanges. In March, Vice Premier Hui Liangyu visited Palestine. He met with Salam Fayya, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority, and Taib Abed al-Rahim, General Secretary of the Presidency of the Palestinian National Authority. In April, Du Qinglin, CPPCC Vice Chairman and Minister of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, visited Palestine and met with General Secretary Taib Abed al-Rahim. In November, Zhang Gaoli, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the CPC Tianjin Municipal Committee, visited Palestine. He had meetings with Mahmoud Abbas, President of the State of Palestine and President of the Palestinian National Authority, and Prime Minister Salam Fayyad. China's Special Envoy for the Middle East issue Wu Sike visited Palestine in June and October. He had meetings with President Mahmoud Abbas, General Secretary Taib Abed al-Rahim, and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Palestinian National Authority Riyad al-Maliki. In late April, President Abbas paid a state visit to China and attended the opening ceremony of the Shanghai World Expo. In May, Foreign Minister Riyad al-Maliki came to China for the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-Arab Cooperation Forum. In October, Hasan Abu-Libdeh, Minister of National Economy of the Palestinian National Authority, came to China for Palestine's National Pavilion Day at the Shanghai World Expo. In November, General Secretary Taib Abed al-Rahim paid a working visit to China and attended the closing ceremony of the 16th Asian Games.

China continued to do what it could to help Palestine. During President Abbas' visit, the Chinese side announced a grant of RMB30 million. Tendering was conducted for the project of the Foreign Ministry building, to be built with Chinese assistance. Steady progress was made in implementing other projects, including medical equipment, prefab homes and equipment for a traffic control center, all provided by China. The Chinese side gave training to over 100 Palestinians.

The two countries carried out more cultural and sports exchanges. In June, Siham Barghouti, Minister of Culture of the Palestinian National Authority, led a delegation to China for the Second Arab Arts Festival. In November, Palestine took an active part in the 16th Asian Games held in Guangzhou. A delegation of 68 athletes and coaches took part in more than 10 events.