Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Egypt on May 30, 1956, bilateral relations have been developing smoothly. In April 1999, the two countries established strategic cooperative relations. In December 2014, a comprehensive strategic partnership was established. In May 2024, China and Egypt issued a joint statement on deepening their comprehensive strategic partnership, in which the two sides agreed to move toward the goal of building a community with a shared future in the new era, elevate the level of bilateral relations and push the China-Egypt comprehensive strategic partnership to a new level.

The two countries have frequent high-level exchanges. Important visits from the Chinese side: President Xi Jinping (January 2016), Vice Premier of the State Council Liu Yandong (March 2016), Vice President Wang Qishan (October 2018), President Xi Jinping's special representative, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Director of the Office of the Central Commission for Foreign Affairs Yang Jiechi (January 2019), Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Wang Yang (November 2019), Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Li Xi (September 2023), and Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi (January 2024).

Important visits from the Egyptian side: President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi (May 2024), Prime Minister Mostafa Kamal Madbouly (September 2024), Speaker of Parliament Ali Abdel-Al (June 2019), Speaker of the House of Representatives Hanafy Ali El Gebali (August 2024), Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty (December 2024).

In recent years, the two governments have actively encouraged and promoted enterprises on both sides to expand economic and trade cooperation, and bilateral trade has achieved sustained development. In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and Egypt reached USD 17.378 billion, of which China's exports amounted to USD 16.8 billion and imports totaled USD 578 million.

China and Egypt have active exchanges and cooperation in culture, education, journalism, science and technology, among other fields. In recent years, the two sides have held various activities such as cultural weeks, film festivals, cultural relics exhibitions, and photo exhibitions, which have been well received by the two peoples.

China and Egypt signed an agreement on cultural cooperation in 1956, and since then, the two sides have signed a total of 10 implementation plans for cultural cooperation. In 2002, China established the China Cultural Center in Cairo.

The two countries have had student exchange programs since 1955. In 1997, the two ministries of education signed an agreement on mutual recognition of academic qualifications and degree certificates. In 2007, Peking University and Cairo University jointly established the first Confucius Institute in North Africa. In November 2020, the two Luban workshops set up by China in Egypt were officially completed.

Since 2002, when the two sides signed the Memorandum of Understanding on the implementation plan for organized tours of Chinese citizens to Egypt, the number of Chinese tourists to Egypt has grown rapidly. Multiple direct passenger flights have been opened between China and Egypt.