In April 2004, the UN Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 1540, which calls on all states to take measures to strengthen domestic controls and export control with a view to preventing the acquisition of WMD and related materials and technologies by non-state actors. It also calls on all states to submit national reports to the Security Council on the implementation of the Resolution. According to this resolution, the Security Council established the 1540 Committee consisting of all members of the council, with a term of 2 years. The Committee is responsible for the examination of national implementation reports. The Security Council has since adopted three additional resolutions which extended the Committee's mandate until 2021. It also encourages all countries to promote full implementation of Resolution 1540, and enhance relevant international assistance and cooperation.

China supports the UN to play its due role in the field of nonproliferation and welcomes the adoption of Security Council Resolution 1540. We believe the Resolution plays a significant role in enhancing the international consensus and cooperation on non-proliferation, and preventing the non-state actors from acquiring WMD and their means of delivery and related materials.

China attaches importance to Resolution 1540, supports and actively participates in the work of the 1540 Committee. China submitted its national report and additional information which elaborated on China's non-proliferation policies and positions, and introduced China's measures to prevent and combat proliferation activities of non-state actors from perspectives of legislation, law enforcement and international cooperation. China actively participate in the process of comprehensive review of implementation status of the resolution and UNSCR 1540-related outreach events. In July 2006, China successfully hosted the Seminar on Implementing the Resolution in the Asia Pacific in Beijing with the European Union, UN Department of Disarmament Affairs (UN-DDA) and some other countries. China is also willing to provide needed countries with appropriate assistance on implementation of the resolution when necessary and where feasible.