Proceeding from their responsibility for world peace and development as permanent members of the UN Security Council and their shared position on major international issues,

Strictly adhering to the Joint Statement of the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on A Multi-polar World and the Establishment of A New International Order signed on 23 April 1997 and the Joint Statement of the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation on the International Order of the 21st Century signed on 1 July 2005, and

Stressing the historic significance of the establishment of China-Russia strategic partnership of cooperation and the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation signed on 16 July 2001,

The People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as "the two sides") make the following statement:

1. The world today is undergoing great transformation. Peace, development and cooperation have become the call of the times. The trend towards a multi-polar world is irreversible. With deepened economic globalization and rapid scientific and technological advancement, global and regional cooperation is flourishing. At the same time, unilateralism and power politics still exist, as well as frequent regional conflicts due to ethnic and religious reasons. The global economy is increasingly imbalanced, and the world is faced with more and more new threats and challenges.

Under these circumstances, all countries in the world should work in unison to effectively tackle common threats and challenges and build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity. They should uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, act in strict accordance with the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality, mutual benefit and peaceful co-existence as well as the international law and other universally recognized norms governing international relations, abandon the Cold War mentality and bloc politics, and advocate equality, democracy and coordination.

2. The two sides support the leading role of the United Nations in international affairs and believe that the UN plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining world peace and promoting cooperation and common development of all countries. The two sides agree that the United Nations should undergo necessary and rational reforms to enhance its authority and efficiency so that it can better cope with new threats and challenges. The reform should be carried out in a step-by-step and consensus-based approach.

3. The two sides condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. They are concerned about attempts to spread terrorist ideas and the ever closer ties between terrorism and transnational organized crimes and drug trafficking. The two sides believe that the international community should work together to fight terrorism in a multilateral framework on the the basis of the UN Charter and universally recognized norms governing international relations. Double standards should have no place in counter-terrorism efforts and counter-terrorism should not be used as a pretext for any purposes contrary to safeguarding world stability and security.

Therefore, the two sides shall commit themselves to strengthening the central and coordinating role of the UN in the efforts of the international community to combat terrorism and meet other new challenges and threats, implementing the United Nations Global Counter-terrorism Strategy and other important UN counter-terrorism documents, and facilitating the consensus on the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism among all parties. The two sides shall adopt pro-active measures to mobilize all social forces including NGOs and the business community to curb the spread of terrorist ideas and remove new threats and challenges.

The two sides reiterate their firm commitment to strengthening cooperation in regional organizations and fora, including and most importantly the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the ASEAN Regional Forum and APEC as well as other multilateral institutions, to combat terrorism, drug trafficking and crimes. They shall continue to work together to set up an Asia-Pacific partnership network of international and regional organizations and anti-terrorism agencies.

4. The two sides stand ready to promote economic globalization on a balanced, inclusive and win-win track. They call on the international community, developed countries in particular, to increase development aid to developing countries, fully honor their assistance commitment and create an enabling international environment for their development.

The two sides support the practice of open-up strategy of mutual benefit and the promotion of North-South dialogue and South-South cooperation to bridge the gap between the North and the South. To that end, they believe the international trade and financial regimes should be improved, that trade protectionism and investment protectionism should be opposed, and that trade frictions should be addressed through consultation on an equal footing and cooperation.

5. The two sides believe that to maintain lasting peace, all countries should work together on the basis of the UN Charter and the principles of mutual trust, accommodating each other's interests, cooperation on an equal footing, openness and predictability to make the international security system more in line with the call of the times and the common interests of all countries.

The two sides believe that international security is comprehensive and indivisible. The security of some countries should not be achieved at the cost of security of others, including the use of expansion of military and political alliances. The two sides stress the necessity to fully respect and accommodate the interests and concerns of relevant countries.

The two sides stand ready to continue, while ensuring undiminished security of all countries, to advance the international arms control process, and promote the universality and effectiveness of multilateral arms control and non-proliferation treaties. The two sides stand for political and diplomatic settlement of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery within the framework of the international law to promote international security.

The two sides believe that the establishment of a global anti-missile system, including the deployment of the system in some parts of the world and related cooperation, is not in the interest of maintaining strategic balance and stability. It is neither conducive to global arms control and non-proliferation efforts nor favorable to building mutual trust among states and regional stability. The two sides express their concern over it.

The two sides stand for peaceful uses of outer space and oppose weaponization or arms race in outer space. They underscore the importance of the conclusion of relevant international legal instrument on the prevention of the deployment of weapons in outer space through negotiations under the framework of the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva.

6. The two sides regard sustainable development as an important area for international cooperation. They believe all countries should better share their experience, preserve natural resources and bio-diversity and build a environment-friendly and resource-efficient society.

The two sides attach great importance to climate change. They reiterate their commitment to fulfilment of all obligations under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol and dialogue and cooperation in this area according to principles in the Convention, in particular "common but differentiated responsibilities", in light of their own capabilities. They believe that developed countries should provide financial and technical support to developing countries to improve their ability to cope with climate change.

7. The two sides call on all countries to intensify energy dialogue and coordination under the principle of equality and mutual benefit to stabilize and improve international energy supply and jointly safeguard global energy security. The two sides support the formation and application of a new energy security outlook featuring mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified development and coordinated guarantee. They also express support for accelerated research, development and promotion of new environment-friendly energy technologies.

8. The two sides speak positively of the progress made in the Six-Party Talks on the Korean nuclear issue. They urge all the parties to stay on the track of peaceful settlement through dialogue and negotiation, continue to meet each other half way and demonstrate flexibility in order to make more progress, achieve early denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and realize normalization of relations between relevant countries and lasting peace and security in Northeast Asia. The two sides stand ready to continue to play a positive role in this endeavor.

The two sides stand for peaceful settlement of pressing international issues including the Iranian nuclear issue, the Iraqi issue, reconstruction in Afghanistan, the Middle East, Kosovo and Sudan (Darfur) issues through dialogue and consultation on an equal footing. They call on all parties to keep in mind global and regional security, make diplomatic efforts, avoid use of force or other extreme measures, view and apply sanction with great caution and accommodate the interests of the countries directly involved while addressing the above-mentioned issues.

9. The two sides believe the diversity of civilization and culture is an important force driving human progress. All countries should intensify dialogue among civilizations, cultures and religions on the basis of equality and mutual respect and achieve harmonious development and inclusiveness of all civilizations and cultures.

10. The two sides reiterate their respect for the universality of human rights and believe all countries have the right to promote and protect human rights in light of their national conditions. All countries should solve human rights frictions through dialogue and cooperation based on sovereign equality and non-interference in each other's internal affairs, oppose politicization of human rights issues, double standards, or using human rights as pretext to interfere in other countries' internal affairs, and urge the international community to address human rights issues in an objective and non-selective manner.

11. The two sides stand ready to strengthen the G8 Outreach Session dialogue and other international cooperation mechanisms, such as the foreign ministers' meetings among BRIC countries and among China, Russia and India. They stand ready to promote the development of the above-mentioned mechanisms and the establishment of new ones on the basis of shared interests to seek solutions through consensus to threats and challenges facing global and regional security and sustainable development.

The two sides welcome the establishment of a coordination mechanism among regional integration agencies, especially better coordination in East Asia, and expanded political dialogue, economic cooperation and social and cultural exchanges in the region. China supports Russia's greater involvement in East Asia integration.

The two sides believe that the SCO has become an extremely important factor contributing to strategic stability, peace, security and development of diversified economic and cultural cooperation in Eurasia. The two sides reiterate their commitment to greater unity within SCO. The two sides believe it is important to deepen SCO dialogue with relevant countries, international organizations and fora under the principle of openness and non-targeting at any third country to find generally acceptable solutions to pressing issues.

(Signed) Hu Jintao                                                                                                  (Signed) Dmitry A. Medvedev

President of the People's Republic of China                                                     President of the Russian Federation