Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Gabon on April 20, 1974, the friendly and cooperative relations between the two countries have developed smoothly.　In April 2023, China and Gabon established a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership.

In recent years, the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has achieved remarkable results. The projects assisted by China to Gabon mainly include: the National Assembly Building, the Senate Building, the China-Gabon Friendship Stadium, etc. In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and Gabon was 25.91 billion yuan.

China and Gabon have signed a cultural cooperation agreement. The Chinese Acrobatic Troupe, Hunan Song and Dance Troupe, Hebei Peking Opera Troupe, Henan Shaolin Temple Wushu Monks Troupe, etc. have visited Cabon for performances.　The Chinese Wushu Association has sent delegations to attend Gabon's "Wushu Night" performances for many consecutive years. Gabonese dance troupes have visited China for performances.

China has sent medical teams to Gabon since 1977. So far, 25 medical teams have been sent, each with 26 people.

China has provided government scholarships to Gabon since 1975. Three professional schools in Gabon have opened Chinese courses. In December 2018, the Confucius Institute held an unveiling ceremony.

The Chinese and Gabonese militaries maintain friendly exchanges.  In September 2024, the Chinese Navy's Peace Ark hospital ship, which was carrying out the "Harmony-2024" mission, paid a friendly visit to Gabon and provided medical services.